New Zealand Pharmacology for Midwifery Students Practice Test 2026 - Free Pharmacology Practice Questions for Midwifery Students

Heartburn is a common gastrointestinal symptom experienced during normal pregnancy due to a combination of physiological and hormonal changes. As pregnancy progresses, hormonal fluctuations, particularly the increase in progesterone, cause the smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract to relax. This relaxation can lead to a slowing of gastric emptying and a decrease in esophageal motility, which contributes to the reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus.

Additionally, as the uterus expands, it exerts pressure on the stomach, further increasing the likelihood of experiencing heartburn. The sensation is often described as a burning discomfort in the chest or throat and can occur at any stage of pregnancy but is most commonly reported in the third trimester. Understanding this symptom is essential for managing the comfort and wellbeing of pregnant patients.